List of Global navigation satellites of space agencies

The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is a constellation of satellites that provide a position, navigation and time to the receiver with the help of satellite signals. There are four global navigation system and two regional navigation system are also available in the world. We provide the list of all type of navigation system. note this list is not ranked according to performance. 

1. GPS (UNITED STATES)

• GPS is stand for Global Positioning System.

• It is owned by United State and operated by United States Space Force (USSF).

• It provide the location and time information to the GPS receiver from any where.

• It was started by United States department of defense in 1978.

• Total 33 satellites are launched for GPS project.

2. GLONASS  (RUSSIA)

• GLONASS is stand for Global Navigation Satellite System.

• It is operated by ROSCOSMOS Russian military.

• It has global coverage with 26 total satellites.

• It was first launch in 1982.

• It shows the accurate position quickly in built up area where building may obsure the view of some gps satellites.

• It is the second navigational system in operation with global coverage

3. GALILEO (EUROPEAN UNION)

• Galileo is a global navigation satellite system.

• It has global coverage with 30 total satellite.

• It was operated by European GNSS agency (ESA).

• The first satellite was launch in 2011.

• The aim of Galileo is to provide an independent high-precious positioning system.

• The Galileo system has a great accuracy than GPS.

4. BEIDOU CHINA

• China National Space Administration (CNSA) operates the Beidou Navigation Satellite system.

• It has global coverage with 35 total satellites.

• It was first launched in 2000.

• It provides the information of global positioning, timing and navigation to the receiver.

• It was first access for armed force.

• The original idea of a Chinese satellite navigation system comes by Chen Fangyun and his colleagues in the 1980.The risk of denied access to GPS including an alleged case in 1996.Third Taiwan straits crises.

Two regional navigation satellite system

 1. QZSS (JAPAN)

• The Quansi-Zenth Satellite System (QNSS) is also known as michibiki.

• It is operated by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).

• It has regional coverage with 4 satellite.

• The purpose of making QZSS is to enhance the united state operated GPS in the Asian ocean region.

• It provides highly precise and stable positioning service in the Asian ocean region, compatible with GPS.

• QZSS planned for independence from GPS in 2023 with 7 satellites.

2. NAVIC (INDIA)

• NAVIC is stand for Navigation with Indian Constellation.

• It is also called Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS).

• It was operated by Indian Space Researched Organisation (ISRO).

• It has regional coverage  (up to 1600 km from borders) with 8 total satellites.

• It was first launched in 2013.

• It provides standard positioning service to all users with a position accuracy up to 5 m. Comparing with GPS had a accuracy up to 20-30 m, NAVIC is more accurate than GPS. 

• The NAVIC system developed due to the situation created of the Indian army in 1999 during kargil war when united state government deny the request of the Indian government to access the GPS.

• The future plans of ISRO is to expand NAVIC system by increasing its constellation size from 7 to 11.

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